Calendar Results Section
May, 2022
Monday, May 2, 2022
Steps to Success Workshops
This workshop will focus on college majors that match student’s career goals. Students will learn about possible programs of study at BHCC. A career exploration tool will be utilized for career goal setting.
SP22 HOPE Professional Development Series: Black Minds Matter (Week 5)
Category>Workshops, Type>HOPE
HOPE
This series provide as an excellent opportunity to contextualize and deepen our work at the college, and serves as a foundational piece of the HOPE Fellows program.
Larry Spotted Crow Mann has dedicated his life to regaining both the land and culture that his Nipmuc people have lost. This presentation will highlight Mann’s efforts to erase cultural lies and change the narrative set forth by the colonists. He will detail his initiatives to preserve Nipmuc culture, land and wildlife for present day and future generations. Mann will also feature the drum, the heartbeat of Mother Earth.
Remarks by Dr. Kimberly M. Frashure, Environmental Science Department Professor & Chairperson
Join by Zoom
Join by Phone: +1 646 876 9923 US (New York)
Meeting ID: 838 6304 1533
Passcode: 083893
Monday, May 2, 2022
6 p.m.
Online
Tuesday, May 3, 2022
ELL Conversation Groups with LifeMap & the Language Lab
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Student Leadership and Engagement
English language learners, please join Language Lab ELL/English tutor Joshua Heerter for our weekly conversation groups. We focus on pronunciation, grammar, and usual American ways of speaking. We plan to talk about important topics for BHCC students, including: registration, financial aid, career planning, on-campus jobs, communicating with professors, strategies for language learners in class, and much more! The groups are free to join, there is no registration required, and all may join for as long or as little as they wish.
Tuesdays 11a.m. - 12 p.m.,
Wednesdays 1 - 2 p.m.
Thursdays @ 11:30 a.m. - 12:30 p.m.
Located in ELL/English Tutor Joshua Heerter's Webex Office
BHCC ICD Workshops - Resume Prep
Category>Workshops, Type>Internships and Career Development
Internships and Career Development
This workshop shows students how to prepare a professional resume that reflects their skills, knowledge and education that are relevant to the job they are seeking. WebEx Password: ICD123
Tuesday, May 3, 2022
12 - 1:15 p.m.
https://bhcc.webex.com/meet/eric.cabral
Virtual College Visit with Salem State University
Category>Information Sessions, Type>Advising & LifeMap, Type>Transfer Workshops
Advising & LifeMap, Transfer Workshops
Virtual college visits are virtual events that allow Bunker Hill students to meet with transfer admission representatives from bachelor degree granting institutions. During these one hour sessions, students learn about each institution's academic programs, student engagement opportunities, and the process for applying and transferring to these institutions. Students also have the opportunity to ask their own questions.
Virtual College Visit with Suffolk University
Category>Information Sessions, Type>Advising & LifeMap, Type>Transfer Workshops
Advising & LifeMap, Transfer Workshops
Virtual college visits are virtual events that allow Bunker Hill students to meet with transfer admission representatives from bachelor degree granting institutions. During these one hour sessions, students learn about each institution's academic programs, student engagement opportunities, and the process for applying and transferring to these institutions. Students also have the opportunity to ask their own questions.
Spring Arts Festival: “WE IS”: An Artist Talk with Poet, Educator and Visual Artist Sami Miranda
Category>Events, Type>Art Gallery
Art Gallery
Sami Miranda discovered a box left by his grandfather who had recently passed away. The box contained never seen or touched photographs and memorabilia that captured the complex histories of his family making community and surviving displacement and migrations in various forms. These memories have served as the basis for Miranda’s latest mixed media projects which include poetry, prints, film, embroidery, and other works. Join us for an evening of poetry and art in which we explore familia, communidad, and identity.
Remarks and Moderated by Dr. J. Roberto Garcia, Professor, English Department
Sponsored by the Latinx Student Success Initiative and the Mary L. Fifield Art Gallery
Join by Zoom
Join by Phone: +1 646 876 9923 US (New York)
Meeting ID: 875 4180 8078
Passcode: 821057
Tuesday, May 3, 2022
6 p.m.
Online
Wednesday, May 4, 2022
Drop In - Drop By Online Office Hours with Student Engagement Leaders
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Student Leadership and Engagement
Do you have a question or need a connection? Do you want a students’ perspective or opinion? We Are Here for YOU! Stop by for a minute or as long as your schedule allows!
Drop in with a question and stay for the conversation! Questions? Contact us at studentactivities@bhcc.edu
ELL Conversation Groups with LifeMap & the Language Lab
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Advising & LifeMap, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Advising & LifeMap, Student Leadership and Engagement
English language learners, please join Language Lab ELL/English tutor Joshua Heerter for our weekly conversation groups. We focus on pronunciation, grammar, and usual American ways of speaking. We plan to talk about important topics for BHCC students, including: registration, financial aid, career planning, on-campus jobs, communicating with professors, strategies for language learners in class, and much more! The groups are free to join, there is no registration required, and all may join for as long or as little as they wish.
Tuesdays 11a.m. - 12 p.m.
Wednesdays 1 - 2 p.m.
Thursdays @ 11:30 a.m. - 12:30 p.m.
Located in ELL/English Tutor Joshua Heerter's Webex Office
Virtual College Visit with Lesley University
Category>Information Sessions, Type>Advising & LifeMap, Type>Transfer Workshops
Advising & LifeMap, Transfer Workshops
Virtual college visits are virtual events that allow Bunker Hill students to meet with transfer admission representatives from bachelor degree granting institutions. During these one hour sessions, students learn about each institution's academic programs, student engagement opportunities, and the process for applying and transferring to these institutions. Students also have the opportunity to ask their own questions.
Virtual College Visit with Northeastern University / College of Professional Studies
Category>Information Sessions, Type>Advising & LifeMap, Type>Transfer Workshops
Advising & LifeMap, Transfer Workshops
Virtual college visits are virtual events that allow Bunker Hill students to meet with transfer admission representatives from bachelor degree granting institutions. During these one hour sessions, students learn about each institution's academic programs, student engagement opportunities, and the process for applying and transferring to these institutions. Students also have the opportunity to ask their own questions.
Spring Arts Festival: A Mother's World: Live Storytelling
Category>Events
Motherhood doesn't come with a manual, but the journey is filled with stories. Join four storytellers as they share meaningful tales honoring the unique relationship between mothers and children. Enjoy hilarious and heartfelt stories of hope, love and loss. During the live talk-back after the stories, discover what motivates the storytellers to share personal experiences about the women who raised them or their personal journey of motherhood.
Storytellers: Sandi Marx, Rosanna María Salcedo, Andrew Shelffo and Torrey Shine
Moderated by Cheryl Hamilton, Founder and Executive Director of Stellar Story Company
Remarks by Dr. Aurora Bautista, Professor, Behavioral Science Department
Sponsored by the Office of College Events and Cultural Planning and Stellar Story Company, a Boston-based business that helps people and institutions deliver extraordinary stories and unforgettable events that lead to meaningful change.
Join by Zoom
Join by Phone: +1 646 876 9923 US (New York)
Meeting ID: 849 6957 8483
Passcode: 822270
Wednesday, May 4, 2022
6 p.m.
Online
Thursday, May 5, 2022
Advising for Pre-Nursing and Pre-Medical Imaging Students
Category>Workshops, Type>Advising & LifeMap
Advising & LifeMap
Steps to Success Workshops
This workshop is designed for students interested in the Registered Nurse and Medical Imaging programs. Academic requirements, including prerequisites and co-requisites needed to apply to the program, will be discussed. There will also be a focus on course planning and discussion of additional admissions requirements to apply to the programs. This session does not satisfy the Information Session requirement.
BHCC ICD Workshops - Effective Job Search
Category>Workshops, Type>Internships and Career Development
Internships and Career Development
Come to our Effective Job Searching workshop to find ways to help bolster the search for your next position!
Thursday, May 5, 2022
11:30 a.m. - 12:45 p.m.
https://bhcc.webex.com/meet/eric.cabral
Virtual College Visit with UMASS Boston
Category>Information Sessions, Type>Advising & LifeMap, Type>Transfer Workshops
Advising & LifeMap, Transfer Workshops
Virtual college visits are virtual events that allow Bunker Hill students to meet with transfer admission representatives from bachelor degree granting institutions. During these one hour sessions, students learn about each institution's academic programs, student engagement opportunities, and the process for applying and transferring to these institutions. Students also have the opportunity to ask their own questions.
ELL Conversation Groups with LifeMap & the Language Lab
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Advising & LifeMap, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Advising & LifeMap, Student Leadership and Engagement
English language learners, please join Language Lab ELL/English tutor Joshua Heerter for our weekly conversation groups. We focus on pronunciation, grammar, and usual American ways of speaking. We plan to talk about important topics for BHCC students, including: registration, financial aid, career planning, on-campus jobs, communicating with professors, strategies for language learners in class, and much more! The groups are free to join, there is no registration required, and all may join for as long or as little as they wish.
Tuesdays 11a.m. - 12 p.m.
Wednesdays 1 - 2 p.m.
Thursdays @ 11:30 a.m. - 12:30 p.m.
Located in ELL/English Tutor Joshua Heerter's Webex Office
Medical Laboratory Technician Information Session
Category>Information Sessions, Type>Medical Laboratory Technician
Medical Laboratory Technician
Virtual College Visit with Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU)
Category>Information Sessions, Type>Advising & LifeMap, Type>Transfer Workshops
Advising & LifeMap, Transfer Workshops
Virtual college visits are virtual events that allow Bunker Hill students to meet with transfer admission representatives from bachelor degree granting institutions. During these one hour sessions, students learn about each institution's academic programs, student engagement opportunities, and the process for applying and transferring to these institutions. Students also have the opportunity to ask their own questions.
A Compelling Conversation with Kenji Yoshino, Constitutional law scholar and anti-discrimination advocate
Category>Events
Director of the Center for Diversity, Inclusion and Belonging, Kenji Yoshino, specializes in constitutional law, anti-discrimination law, as well as law and literature. As the author of three books: Covering: The Hidden Assault on Our Civil Rights; A Thousand Times More Fair: What Shakespeare’s Plays Teach Us About Justice; and Speak Now: Marriage Equality on Trial, his voice and insight are welcome in today's persistent fight for justice and equity.
Friday, May 6, 2022
BHCC ICD Workshops - Resume Prep
Category>Workshops, Type>Internships and Career Development
Internships and Career Development
This workshop shows students how to prepare a professional resume that reflects their skills, knowledge and education that are relevant to the job they are seeking. WebEx Password: ICD123
Friday, May 6, 2022
9:30 - 10:45 a.m.
https://bhcc.webex.com/meet/eric.cabral
Drop In - Drop By Online Office Hours with Student Engagement Leaders
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Student Leadership and Engagement
Do you have a question or need a connection? Do you want a students’ perspective or opinion? We Are Here for YOU! Stop by for a minute or as long as your schedule allows!
Drop in with a question and stay for the conversation! Questions? Contact us at studentactivities@bhcc.edu
Veterans Conversation Group
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement, Type>Veterans
Student Leadership and Engagement, Veterans
A weekly conversation group for students who are Veterans and those that support them to come together, share experiences and network.
Fridays, Jan. 28th, Feb. 4th, Feb. 18th, Mar. 11th, Apr 15th and May 6th
1 p.m.
Friday, May 6, 2022
1 p.m.
Webex
Monday, May 9, 2022
An Artist Talk with BHCC Alumni Khalid Slaiki
Category>Events, Type>Art Gallery, Type>Performing Arts
Art Gallery, Performing Arts
An Artist Talk with BHCC Alumni Khalid Slaiki
Exile and Memory – A Childhood Story of Tangier
Engage with artist and BHCC alumni, Khalid Slaiki on his current exhibition on view in the Library and Learning Commons through July 21, 2022 of paintings and sculptures that evoke his lived experience of growing up in Morocco – a story of mountains and sea, of alienation and resilience.
Remarks by Kevin Wery, Senior Director, Office of College Events and Cultural Planning
Sponsored by the Library and Learning Commons and the Mary L. Fifield Art Gallery
Library and Learning Commons, Third Floor, E-Building
https://www.bhcc.edu/library/
For more information about the art in this exhibition, or to schedule a class visit email dwturner@bhcc.edu
Join by Zoom
Join by Phone: +1 646 876 9923 US (New York)
Meeting ID: 863 1269 5753
Passcode: 189950
Tuesday, May 10, 2022
ELL Conversation Groups with LifeMap & the Language Lab
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Student Leadership and Engagement
English language learners, please join Language Lab ELL/English tutor Joshua Heerter for our weekly conversation groups. We focus on pronunciation, grammar, and usual American ways of speaking. We plan to talk about important topics for BHCC students, including: registration, financial aid, career planning, on-campus jobs, communicating with professors, strategies for language learners in class, and much more! The groups are free to join, there is no registration required, and all may join for as long or as little as they wish.
Tuesdays 11a.m. - 12 p.m.,
Wednesdays 1 - 2 p.m.
Thursdays @ 11:30 a.m. - 12:30 p.m.
Located in ELL/English Tutor Joshua Heerter's Webex Office
Medical Laboratory Assistant Information Session
Category>Information Sessions, Type>Medical Laboratory Assistant
Medical Laboratory Assistant
Spring Arts Festival: Historias: The Popular Music Ensemble
Category>Events, Type>Performing Arts
Performing Arts
The BHCC Pop Ensemble finally returns to perform together after two full years of remote recording. Join them for a virtual concert presenting music telling unusual and personal stories, from artists such as Alicia Keys, Elton John, The Cranberries and more - all recorded on-stage, together.
BHCC Popular Music Ensemble directed by Dr. Mark Popeney, Professor and Chair, Performing Arts Department
Sponsored by the Performing Arts Department
Note: If you arrive before the performance begins, please refresh your browser or app at the event start time
Steps to Success Workshops
As we get older in America, credit is something that has become an important part of our daily lives. In college we need to earn college credit in order to graduate. In finances we need credit to buy a car, rent/buy a home, etc. In this workshop we look to break down credit in the world of academia and the world of finance. So join us and learn why Credit is King!
Wednesday, May 11, 2022
Drop In - Drop By Online Office Hours with Student Engagement Leaders
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Student Leadership and Engagement
Do you have a question or need a connection? Do you want a students’ perspective or opinion? We Are Here for YOU! Stop by for a minute or as long as your schedule allows!
Drop in with a question and stay for the conversation! Questions? Contact us at studentactivities@bhcc.edu
ELL Conversation Groups with LifeMap & the Language Lab
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Advising & LifeMap, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Advising & LifeMap, Student Leadership and Engagement
English language learners, please join Language Lab ELL/English tutor Joshua Heerter for our weekly conversation groups. We focus on pronunciation, grammar, and usual American ways of speaking. We plan to talk about important topics for BHCC students, including: registration, financial aid, career planning, on-campus jobs, communicating with professors, strategies for language learners in class, and much more! The groups are free to join, there is no registration required, and all may join for as long or as little as they wish.
Tuesdays 11a.m. - 12 p.m.
Wednesdays 1 - 2 p.m.
Thursdays @ 11:30 a.m. - 12:30 p.m.
Located in ELL/English Tutor Joshua Heerter's Webex Office
The BHCC Jazz Ensemble celebrates a year of live, in-person music making! This program features performances filmed at a recent rehearsal, including standards associated with jazz great Ella Fitzgerald and compositions by Miles Davis and Stevie Wonder.
Members of the ensemble will introduce selections and share their experiences of playing together during the last several months.
Directed by Professor Tim McLaughlin, Performing Arts Department
Sponsored by the Performing Arts Department
Join Zoom
Join by Phone: +1 646 876 9923 US (New York)
Meeting ID: 878 6519 4834
Passcode: 594123
Thursday, May 12, 2022
ELL Conversation Groups with LifeMap & the Language Lab
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Advising & LifeMap, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Advising & LifeMap, Student Leadership and Engagement
English language learners, please join Language Lab ELL/English tutor Joshua Heerter for our weekly conversation groups. We focus on pronunciation, grammar, and usual American ways of speaking. We plan to talk about important topics for BHCC students, including: registration, financial aid, career planning, on-campus jobs, communicating with professors, strategies for language learners in class, and much more! The groups are free to join, there is no registration required, and all may join for as long or as little as they wish.
Tuesdays 11a.m. - 12 p.m.
Wednesdays 1 - 2 p.m.
Thursdays @ 11:30 a.m. - 12:30 p.m.
Located in ELL/English Tutor Joshua Heerter's Webex Office
Stress Buster Event
Category>Events, Type>Library, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Library, Student Leadership and Engagement
De-stress with yoga, coloring books, board games, Mario Kart, and more!
FREE food, drinks, and prizes.
First 50 attendees will receive grab-bags filled with study supplies and goodies. Students will also be entered into a raffle to win Amazon $20 gift cards and a pair of Apple AirPods!
Tell Magazine: The Stress Edition
Category>Events
Hear stories and poems from magazine editors and Spring 2022 contributors. Pages from the new digital magazine edition will be on display.
With remarks from Tell Magazine Faculty Advisor, Alison Ruch, Associate Professor, English Department
Sponsored by Tell Magazine and the English Department
Join Zoom
Join by Phone: +1 646 876 9923 US (New York)
Meeting ID: 891 2952 1744
Passcode: 990262
Thursday, May 12, 2022
6 p.m.
Online
Friday, May 13, 2022
Drop In - Drop By Online Office Hours with Student Engagement Leaders
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Student Leadership and Engagement
Do you have a question or need a connection? Do you want a students’ perspective or opinion? We Are Here for YOU! Stop by for a minute or as long as your schedule allows!
Drop in with a question and stay for the conversation! Questions? Contact us at studentactivities@bhcc.edu
BHCC College Choir Presents
BHCC College Choir will share music and stories from the Spring 2022 semester. They will feature a video premiere of "Flowering" by Rie Daisies, arranged by Dr. Riikka Pietilainen-Caffrey, Professor, Performing Arts Department.
BHCC College Choir, Dr. Riikka Pietilainen-Caffrey, Professor, Performing Arts Department
Sponsored by the Performing Arts Department
Join by Zoom
Join by Phone: +1 646 876 9923 US (New York)
Meeting ID: 819 4545 4109
Passcode: 660782
Saturday, May 14, 2022
Pao Arts Center 5th Anniversary Community Celebration
Category>Events
Five years ago, BCNC and Bunker Hill Community College come together in a visionary collaboration to open Pao Arts Center, Chinatown’s first arts, cultural, and education center. Gather to experience live performances celebrating 5 years of creativity and culture at Pao Arts Center. Featuring the opening of “YEAR OF THE TIGER” installation by Cheryl Wing-Zi Wong and performances by: Wah Lum Academy, Jennifer Lin and dancers, and BHCC student and alumni musicians, Minhua Chen, Elgin Lee, Ba Pham, Patricia Seun, Yu Wang, Chen Chen, Chavi Bansal, IJ Chan, Flora Hyoin Kim Han, and Anju.
Mary Soo Hoo Park at the Greenway (near Chinatown Park)Boston
Saturday, May 14, 2022
1 p.m.
Mary Soo Hoo Park at the Greenway
Monday, May 16, 2022
Join us for a virtual student recital by our applied music students. We will hear a variety of music across styles and time periods.
BHCC Applied Music Recitals, Dr. Riikka Pietilainen-Caffrey, Professor, Performing Arts Department
Sponsored by the Performing Arts Department
Join by Zoom
Join by Phone: +1 646 876 9923 US (New York)
Meeting ID: 811 5190 9862
Passcode: 875329
Tuesday, May 17, 2022
ELL Conversation Groups with LifeMap & the Language Lab
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Student Leadership and Engagement
English language learners, please join Language Lab ELL/English tutor Joshua Heerter for our weekly conversation groups. We focus on pronunciation, grammar, and usual American ways of speaking. We plan to talk about important topics for BHCC students, including: registration, financial aid, career planning, on-campus jobs, communicating with professors, strategies for language learners in class, and much more! The groups are free to join, there is no registration required, and all may join for as long or as little as they wish.
Tuesdays 11a.m. - 12 p.m.,
Wednesdays 1 - 2 p.m.
Thursdays @ 11:30 a.m. - 12:30 p.m.
Located in ELL/English Tutor Joshua Heerter's Webex Office
Spending Plan 101: How to Make a Budget
Category>Single Stop, Category>Workshops, Type>Single Stop
Single Stop
How to create a spending plan that you can stick with so that you can achieve your financial goals. No excuses, let's just take action together!
Tuesday, May 17, 2022
4 p.m.
Online
Wednesday, May 18, 2022
Drop In - Drop By Online Office Hours with Student Engagement Leaders
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Student Leadership and Engagement
Do you have a question or need a connection? Do you want a students’ perspective or opinion? We Are Here for YOU! Stop by for a minute or as long as your schedule allows!
Drop in with a question and stay for the conversation! Questions? Contact us at studentactivities@bhcc.edu
ELL Conversation Groups with LifeMap & the Language Lab
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Advising & LifeMap, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Advising & LifeMap, Student Leadership and Engagement
English language learners, please join Language Lab ELL/English tutor Joshua Heerter for our weekly conversation groups. We focus on pronunciation, grammar, and usual American ways of speaking. We plan to talk about important topics for BHCC students, including: registration, financial aid, career planning, on-campus jobs, communicating with professors, strategies for language learners in class, and much more! The groups are free to join, there is no registration required, and all may join for as long or as little as they wish.
Tuesdays 11a.m. - 12 p.m.
Wednesdays 1 - 2 p.m.
Thursdays @ 11:30 a.m. - 12:30 p.m.
Located in ELL/English Tutor Joshua Heerter's Webex Office
Wednesday, May 18, 2022
6 p.m.
Online
Thursday, May 19, 2022
ELL Conversation Groups with LifeMap & the Language Lab
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Advising & LifeMap, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Advising & LifeMap, Student Leadership and Engagement
English language learners, please join Language Lab ELL/English tutor Joshua Heerter for our weekly conversation groups. We focus on pronunciation, grammar, and usual American ways of speaking. We plan to talk about important topics for BHCC students, including: registration, financial aid, career planning, on-campus jobs, communicating with professors, strategies for language learners in class, and much more! The groups are free to join, there is no registration required, and all may join for as long or as little as they wish.
Tuesdays 11a.m. - 12 p.m.
Wednesdays 1 - 2 p.m.
Thursdays @ 11:30 a.m. - 12:30 p.m.
Located in ELL/English Tutor Joshua Heerter's Webex Office
Friday, May 20, 2022
Drop In - Drop By Online Office Hours with Student Engagement Leaders
Category>Student Clubs and Associations, Type>Student Leadership and Engagement
Student Leadership and Engagement
Do you have a question or need a connection? Do you want a students’ perspective or opinion? We Are Here for YOU! Stop by for a minute or as long as your schedule allows!
Drop in with a question and stay for the conversation! Questions? Contact us at studentactivities@bhcc.edu
Monday, May 23, 2022
Tuesday, May 24, 2022
Please join us for the 2nd annual Celebration of Commonwealth Honors. We will honor the achievements of the students who will graduate from BHCC with the distinction of Commonwealth Honors Scholar. We will also highlight various Honors-sponsored activities and the students who participated in them.
Join by Phone: +1 646 876 9923 | Meeting ID: 856 7919 8298 | Passcode: 705778
Tuesday, May 24, 2022
6 p.m.
Online
Thursday, May 26, 2022
Commencement will be on the BHCC campus—our first on-campus commencement in two years! Attendence will be for graduating students only, no guests. The event will be livestreamed for all to enjoy.
Watch the Livestream on YouTube at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XmUxxL_gFGw
Steps for Entering the Workforce
Category>Single Stop, Category>Workshops, Type>Single Stop
Single Stop
This webinar will help you identify which financial strategies are best for you when entering the workforce.